What are signs that an individual may need more than PFA?

Persistent psychological distress and risk of self-harm are critical indicators that an individual may require more than Psychological First Aid (PFA). PFA is designed to provide immediate support and stabilization for individuals experiencing acute distress following traumatic events. It focuses on alleviating initial emotional pain and promoting coping mechanisms.

However, when someone exhibits signs of ongoing psychological distress—such as prolonged feelings of sadness, anxiety, or irritability—that are significantly affecting their daily functioning, it signals deeper mental health concerns. Additionally, a risk of self-harm is particularly alarming, as it indicates that the individual may be considering harming themselves as a way to cope with overwhelming emotions or situations. These signs suggest that a more intensive intervention, possibly involving mental health professionals and therapeutic support, would be essential to ensure the individual's safety and well-being.

The other options—temporary emotional discomfort, increased social interactions, and a positive attitude towards recovery—reflect more typical responses to stress and trauma that may not necessarily indicate a need for more intensive psychological intervention. These can instead be signs of resilience and the natural ability to recover.